OPTIMIZING REPRODUCIBILITY OF OPERANT TESTING THROUGH REINFORCER STANDARDIZATION: IDENTIFICATION OF KEY NUTRITIONAL CONSTITUENTS DETERMINING REWARD STRENGTH IN TOUCHSCREENS

Abstract Reliable and reproducible assessment of animal learning and behavior is a central aim of basic and translational neuroscience research.Recent developments in automated operant chamber technology have led to the possibility of universal standard protocols, in addition to increased translational potential, reliability and accuracy.However, t

The current century has witnessed infections of pandemic proportions caused by Coronaviruses (CoV) including severe acute respiratory syndrome-related CoV (SARS-CoV), Middle East respiratory syndrome-related CoV (MERS-CoV) and the recently identified SARS-CoV2.Significantly, the SARS-CoV2 outbreak, declared a pandemic in Moleskin Caps early 2020, h

With the clinical prevalence of drug-resistant pathogenic bacteria, developing non-antibiotic strategies to treat multi-drug-resistant bacterial infections is urgent yet challenging.Ferroptosis is a non-apoptotic form of regulated cell death that can overcome drug resistance.Emerging evidence shows the potential of triggering ferroptosis-like for a

(Optimal use of the means of measurement and evaluation and its role in ensuring the quality of the output of university education) ABSTRACT The importance of this research is reflected in that we have plenty of educational objectives must take its role in implementation and through the emphasis on the requirements of the timing of development and

Abstract Background Nucleus Accumbens (NAc) is a vital brain region for the process of reward and stress, whereas microRNA plays a crucial role in depression pathology.However, the abnormality of NAc miRNA expression during the stress-induced depression and antidepressant treatment, as well as its biological significance, are still unknown.Methods